1. Refers to an individual’s estimation of how much effort (an input) will lead to a specific degree of performance. This question might be answered by analyzing the Expectancy Theory of Motivation. This theory is best defined as a process theory. Edward C. Tolman's Expectancy Theory, which was maintained by Victor H. Vroom, explains why people choose one behavioral option over another. According to this hypothesis, individuals are inspired to behave due to the belief that their activities will result in the desired result (Redmond, 2004). "Work enthusiasm is based on the sense of a connection between results and performance, and individuals modify their actions depending on their estimates of expected outcomes," according to expectation theory (Fang, 2008). This can help illustrate why someone achieves tasks in a particular capacity.